简单 HTTP 服务器

如何设置 HTTP 服务器的简单示例。

简单 HTTP 服务器展示了如何使用QHttpServer 类设置 HTTP 服务器。它监听两个套接字：一个 TCP 套接字和一个 SSL 套接字。它设置了不同的回调，以演示如何使用route() 函数。

创建了QHttpServer 对象，简单的route() 通过返回Hello world 来处理路径"/" ：

QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);

QHttpServer httpServer;
httpServer.route("/", []() {
    return "Hello world";
});

然后，我们注册一个回调，将服务器的资产提供给客户端：

httpServer.route("/assets/<arg>", [] (const QUrl &url) {
    return QHttpServerResponse::fromFile(u":/assets/"_s + url.path());
});

这里我们使用QHttpServerRequest 对象来返回客户端的 IP 地址：

httpServer.route("/remote_address", [](const QHttpServerRequest &request) {
    return request.remoteAddress().toString();
});

在其中一个路径"/auth" 中，使用了基本 HTTP 验证：

httpServer.route("/auth", [](const QHttpServerRequest &request) {
    auto auth = request.value("authorization").simplified();

    if (auth.size() > 6 && auth.first(6).toLower() == "basic ") {
        auto token = auth.sliced(6);
        auto userPass = QByteArray::fromBase64(token);

        if (auto colon = userPass.indexOf(':'); colon > 0) {
            auto userId = userPass.first(colon);
            auto password = userPass.sliced(colon + 1);

            if (userId == "Aladdin" && password == "open sesame")
                return QHttpServerResponse("text/plain", "Success\n");
        }
    }
    QHttpServerResponse resp("text/plain", "Authentication required\n",
                             QHttpServerResponse::StatusCode::Unauthorized);
    auto h = resp.headers();
    h.append(QHttpHeaders::WellKnownHeader::WWWAuthenticate,
             R"(Basic realm="Simple example", charset="UTF-8")");
    resp.setHeaders(std::move(h));
    return std::move(resp);
});

然后，在route() 注册的回调处理完毕后，我们使用addAfterRequestHandler() 函数更改QHttpServerResponse 对象，在响应中添加 HTTP 标头：

httpServer.addAfterRequestHandler(&httpServer, [](const QHttpServerRequest &, QHttpServerResponse &resp) {
    auto h = resp.headers();
    h.append(QHttpHeaders::WellKnownHeader::Server, "Qt HTTP Server");
    resp.setHeaders(std::move(h));
});

使用bind() 函数将监听端口的QTcpServer 与 HTTP 服务器绑定：

autotcpserver=std::make_unique<QTcpServer>();if(!tcpserver->listen()|| !httpServer.bind(tcpserver.get())){    qWarning() << QCoreApplication::translate("QHttpServerExample",
                                             "服务器侦听端口失败。"）；返回-1； }quint16port=  tcpserver->serverPort(); tcpserver.release();

然后，QSslConfiguration 用于为QHttpServer 创建 SSL 配置，以提供 HTTPS 流量：

QSslConfigurationconf=QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration();const autosslCertificateChain=QSslCertificate::fromPath(QStringLiteral(":/assets/certificate.crt"));if(sslCertificateChain.empty()) {    qWarning() << QCoreApplication::translate("QHttpServerExample",
                                             "无法从文件中检索 SSL 证书。");return-1; }QFileprivateKeyFile(QStringLiteral(":/assets/private.key"));if(!privateKeyFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly)) {    qWarning() << QCoreApplication::translate("QHttpServerExample",
                                             "Couldn't open file for reading：%1") .arg(privateKeyFile.errorString());return-1; } conf.setLocalCertificate(sslCertificateChain.front()); conf.setPrivateKey(QSslKey(&privateKeyFile、 QSsl::Rsa)); privateKeyFile.close();autosslserver=std::make_unique<QSslServer>(); sslserver->setSslConfiguration(conf);if(!sslserver->listen()|| !httpServer.bind(sslserver.get())){    qWarning() << QCoreApplication::translate("QHttpServerExample",
                                             "服务器侦听端口失败。");return-1; }quint16sslPort=  sslserver->serverPort(); sslserver.release();

一切就绪后，剩下的就是开始处理传入的请求了：

return app.exec();

文件：

图像

simple/assets/qt-logo.png

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