Qt Graphs 从Qt Charts

Qt Charts 和Qt Graphs 的 API 和功能略有不同。本文将解释从Qt Charts 到Qt Graphs 的 API 之间的差异：

QML 导入语句

Qt Charts ：

import QtCharts

中的导入语句必须改为

import QtGraphs

为Qt Graphs.

CMake 模块包含

Qt Charts ：

find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Charts)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Charts)

中的包含必须更改为

find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Graphs)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Graphs)

为Qt Graphs.

Qmake 模块包含

Qt Charts 中的包含项：

QT += charts

必须更改为

QT += graphs

对于Qt Graphs.

缺少的功能Qt Graphs

Qt Graphs 在 6.8 版中缺少这些功能：

Qt Graphs 小工具
烛台图表
方框-胡须图表
标题和图例
对数值轴
极坐标图视图

主题 API

统一了二维和三维图表的主题，有关主题设置，请参见GraphsTheme 。

整个图表的通用配色方案现在由color scheme 属性控制，系列颜色由theme 属性控制。如果未明确设置颜色方案，则将遵循桌面主题（浅色/深色）。

枚举

在Qt Graphs 2D 中，所有枚举都以作用域枚举的形式实现，例如，对于Qt Charts 中的PieSlice.LabelOutside ，Qt Graphs 2D 中的相应枚举是PieSlice.LabelPosition.Outside 。

在 QML 中迁移图表系列

本节举例说明如何将Qt Charts 的代码移植到Qt Graphs 2D。

迁移区域系列

这些代码示例实现了类似的图表：

使用Qt Charts ：

ChartView {
    anchors.fill: parent
    ValueAxis {
        id: valueAxisX
        max: 8
    }

    ValueAxis {
        id: valueAxisY
        max: 4
    }

    AreaSeries {
        axisX: valueAxisX
        axisY: valueAxisY
        upperSeries: LineSeries {
            XYPoint { x: 0; y: 2 }
            XYPoint { x: 1; y: 3.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 2; y: 3.8 }
        }
        lowerSeries: LineSeries {
            XYPoint { x: 0.4; y: 1.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 1; y: 2.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 2.4; y: 3 }
        }
    }
}

使用Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    anchors.fill: parent
    axisX: ValueAxis {
        id: xAxis
        max: 8
        tickInterval: 2.0
    }

    axisY: ValueAxis {
        id: yAxis
        max: 4
        tickInterval: 1.0
    }

    AreaSeries {
        upperSeries: LineSeries {
            XYPoint { x: 0; y: 2 }
            XYPoint { x: 1; y: 3.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 2; y: 3.8 }
        }

        lowerSeries: LineSeries {
            XYPoint { x: 0.4; y: 1.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 1; y: 2.5 }
            XYPoint { x: 2.4; y: 3 }
        }
    }
}

迁移条形图系列

使用Qt Charts ：

import QtQuick
import QtCharts

ChartView {
    BarSeries {
        id: mySeries
        axisX: BarCategoryAxis { categories: ["2007", "2008", "2009", "2010", "2011", "2012" ] }
        BarSet { label: "Bob"; values: [2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] }
        BarSet { label: "Susan"; values: [5, 1, 2, 4, 1, 7] }
        BarSet { label: "James"; values: [3, 5, 8, 13, 5, 8] }
    }
}

使用Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    axisX: BarCategoryAxis { categories: ["2007", "2008", "2009", "2010", "2011", "2012" ] }

    BarSeries {
        id: mySeries
        BarSet { label: "Bob"; values: [2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] }
        BarSet { label: "Susan"; values: [5, 1, 2, 4, 1, 7] }
        BarSet { label: "James"; values: [3, 5, 8, 13, 5, 8] }
    }
}

移动甜甜圈系列

有Qt Charts ：

import QtQuick
import QtCharts

ChartView {
    PieSeries {
        id: pieOuter
        size: 0.96
        holeSize: 0.7
        PieSlice { id: slice; label: "Alpha"; value: 19511; color: "#99CA53" }
        PieSlice { label: "Epsilon"; value: 11105; color: "#209FDF" }
        PieSlice { label: "Psi"; value: 9352; color: "#F6A625" }
    }

    PieSeries {
        id: pieInner
        size: 0.7
        holeSize: 0.25

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 10334; color: "#B9DB8A" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 3066; color: "#DCEDC4" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 6111; color: "#F3F9EB" }

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 7371; color: "#63BCE9" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 2443; color: "#A6D9F2" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 1291; color: "#E9F5FC" }

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 4022; color: "#F9C36C" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 3998; color: "#FCE1B6" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 1332; color: "#FEF5E7" }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        // Set the common slice properties dynamically for convenience
        for (var i = 0; i < pieOuter.count; i++) {
            pieOuter.at(i).labelPosition = PieSlice.LabelOutside;
            pieOuter.at(i).labelVisible = true;
            pieOuter.at(i).borderWidth = 3;
        }
        for (var i = 0; i < pieInner.count; i++) {
            pieInner.at(i).labelPosition = PieSlice.LabelInsideNormal;
            pieInner.at(i).labelVisible = true;
            pieInner.at(i).borderWidth = 2;
        }
    }
}

配有Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    PieSeries {
        id: pieOuter
        pieSize: 0.96
        holeSize: 0.7
        PieSlice { id: slice; label: "Alpha"; value: 19511; color: "#99CA53" }
        PieSlice { label: "Epsilon"; value: 11105; color: "#209FDF" }
        PieSlice { label: "Psi"; value: 9352; color: "#F6A625" }
    }

    PieSeries {
        id: pieInner
        pieSize: 0.7
        holeSize: 0.25

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 10334; color: "#B9DB8A" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 3066; color: "#DCEDC4" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 6111; color: "#F3F9EB" }

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 7371; color: "#63BCE9" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 2443; color: "#A6D9F2" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 1291; color: "#E9F5FC" }

        PieSlice { label: "Materials"; value: 4022; color: "#F9C36C" }
        PieSlice { label: "Employee"; value: 3998; color: "#FCE1B6" }
        PieSlice { label: "Logistics"; value: 1332; color: "#FEF5E7" }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        // Set the common slice properties dynamically for convenience
        for (var i = 0; i < pieOuter.count; i++) {
            pieOuter.at(i).labelPosition = PieSlice.LabelPosition.Outside;
            pieOuter.at(i).labelVisible = true;
            pieOuter.at(i).borderWidth = 3;
        }
        for (var i = 0; i < pieInner.count; i++) {
            pieInner.at(i).labelPosition = PieSlice.LabelPosition.InsideNormal;
            pieInner.at(i).labelVisible = true;
            pieInner.at(i).borderWidth = 2;
        }
    }
}

迁移线系列

配有Qt Charts ：

ChartView {
    LineSeries {
        XYPoint { x: 0; y: 0 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 3.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.9; y: 4.9 }
        XYPoint { x: 3.4; y: 3.0 }
        XYPoint { x: 4.1; y: 3.3 }
    }
}

有Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    // Graphs don't calculate a visible range for axes.
    // You should define the visible range explicitly.
    axisX: ValueAxis {
        id: xAxis
        max: 4.1
    }
    axisY: ValueAxis {
        id: yAxis
        max: 4.9
    }

    LineSeries {
        XYPoint { x: 0; y: 0 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 3.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.9; y: 4.9 }
        XYPoint { x: 3.4; y: 3.0 }
        XYPoint { x: 4.1; y: 3.3 }
    }
}

迁移饼系列

有Qt Charts ：

ChartView {
    property variant othersSlice: 0

    PieSeries {
        id: pieSeries
        PieSlice { label: "Volkswagen"; value: 13.5 }
        PieSlice { label: "Toyota"; value: 10.9 }
        PieSlice { label: "Ford"; value: 8.6 }
        PieSlice { label: "Skoda"; value: 8.2 }
        PieSlice { label: "Volvo"; value: 6.8 }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        othersSlice = pieSeries.append("Others", 52.0);
        pieSeries.find("Volkswagen").exploded = true;
    }
}

有Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    property variant othersSlice: 0

    PieSeries {
        id: pieSeries
        PieSlice { label: "Volkswagen"; value: 13.5 }
        PieSlice { label: "Toyota"; value: 10.9 }
        PieSlice { label: "Ford"; value: 8.6 }
        PieSlice { label: "Skoda"; value: 8.2 }
        PieSlice { label: "Volvo"; value: 6.8 }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        othersSlice = pieSeries.append("Others", 52.0);
        pieSeries.find("Volkswagen").exploded = true;
    }
}

迁移散射系列

有Qt Charts ：

ChartView {
    ScatterSeries {
        XYPoint { x: 1.5; y: 1.5 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.5; y: 1.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.57; y: 1.55 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.8; y: 1.8 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 1.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 1.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.5; y: 2.1 }
    }
}

使用Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    // Graphs don't calculate a visible range for axes.
    // You should define the visible range explicitly.
    ValueAxis {
        id: xyAxis
        min: 1.3
        max: 2.5
    }
    axisX: xyAxis
    axisY: xyAxis

    ScatterSeries {
        XYPoint { x: 1.5; y: 1.5 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.5; y: 1.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.57; y: 1.55 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.8; y: 1.8 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 1.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 1.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.5; y: 2.1 }
    }
}

迁移花键系列

有Qt Charts ：

ChartView {
    SplineSeries {
        name: "Spline"
        XYPoint { x: 0; y: 0.0 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.1; y: 3.2 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 2.4 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.9; y: 2.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 3.4; y: 2.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 4.1; y: 3.1 }
    }
}

使用Qt Graphs ：

GraphsView {
    ValueAxis {
        id: xyAxis
        max: 5
    }
    axisX: xyAxis
    axisY: xyAxis
    SplineSeries {
        XYPoint { x: 0; y: 0.0 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.1; y: 3.2 }
        XYPoint { x: 1.9; y: 2.4 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.1; y: 2.1 }
        XYPoint { x: 2.9; y: 2.6 }
        XYPoint { x: 3.4; y: 2.3 }
        XYPoint { x: 4.1; y: 3.1 }
    }
}

Qt Graphs 2D C++ 类

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